What does "secondary assessment" involve in EMS protocols?

The secondary assessment involves a comprehensive head-to-toe examination of the patient, which is essential for identifying any conditions that may not be immediately apparent during the primary assessment. This thorough examination allows EMS providers to gather detailed information about the patient's injuries or medical conditions, assess the extent of injuries, and understand any changes since the initial assessment.

During this phase, EMS providers systematically check each part of the body for signs of trauma, abnormalities, or any missed injuries. This process also includes obtaining a detailed medical history, if possible, to understand any underlying conditions that could affect treatment. The results from the secondary assessment directly inform the treatment regimen and guide the decision-making process for ongoing care and transport.

In contrast, the other approaches listed do not fully encompass the scope and purpose of the secondary assessment. A brief evaluation of the patient's history may provide useful context but does not include the complete physical examination aspect. Immediate treatment focuses on addressing acute conditions rather than the thorough examination of the patient. Checking vital signs again is part of ongoing assessment rather than a full secondary evaluation, which includes a much broader and systematic approach to patient assessment.